Education Matters

On March 25, 2010, Newsweek Religion Editor Lisa Miller appeared on the National Public Radio program, The Diane Rehm Show. Diane was speaking with Lisa about Lisa’s latest book Heaven: Our Enduring Fascination with the afterlife.

Listening to Lisa talk about people’s diverse views of Heaven I got to wondering a few things about Heaven. I wondered, Where was Heaven? How far was Heaven from my house? What do people do in Heaven? What do the souls in Heaven look like and what do they do there? What is the average temperature in the Heaven? The last question, the temperature question, involved a measurement and was, I thought, the only one to which I might be able to find an answer. (It turns out I could not, but I did come up with an answer to a related, still very interesting question.) Being familiar (and only vaguely so) with the Christian religion, I narrowed my question to be What is the average temperature in the Christian Heaven?

The Average Temperature of Heaven

In my searches through Bible literature I could not find a direct answer to this question, but along the way to the answer I decided, through some straight-forward computations, that the temperature on Earth could be higher than the temperature in Hell and people would still be healthy, happy, and prospering.

Earth – Hotter than Hell

If you believe in the Christian concepts of Heaven and Hell, then proof of this fantastic statement can be found in the Bible. Here is how it goes.

We’ll use three facts, two as stated in The Bible, and one from the well-known law from Earthly physics, the The Stefan–Boltzmann law.

Bible Facts

We’ll take the two Bible facts from two sources, the King James Version and the New International Version.

Here are the verses from both versions followed by an interpretation of those verses. (found at COLLECTIONS Commentaries, Word Studies, Devotionals, Sermons, Illustrations Old and New Testament).

Isaiah 30:23-26 can be interpreted to tell us how much light will be on Earth when Christ establishes His Millennial Reign upon the earth.

Isaiah 30:23-26, The King James Version

The Book of Isaiah

[23] Then shall he give the rain of thy seed, that thou shalt sow the ground withal; and bread of the increase of the earth, and it shall be fat and plenteous: in that day shall thy cattle feed in large pastures. [24] The oxen likewise and the young asses that ear the ground shall eat clean provender, which hath been winnowed with the shovel and with the fan. [25] And there shall be upon every high mountain, and upon every high hill, rivers and streams of waters in the day of the great slaughter, when the towers fall. [26] Moreover the light of the moon shall be as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun shall be sevenfold, as the light of seven days, in the day that the LORD bindeth up the breach of his people, and healeth the stroke of their wound.

Isaiah 30:23-26, the New International Version

[23] He will also send you rain for the seed you sow in the ground, and the food that comes from the land will be rich and plentiful. In that day your cattle will graze in broad meadows. [24] The oxen and donkeys that work the soil will eat fodder and mash, spread out with fork and shovel. [25] In the day of great slaughter, when the towers fall, streams of water will flow on every high mountain and every lofty hill. [26] The moon will shine like the sun, and the sunlight will be seven times brighter, like the light of seven full days, when the LORD binds up the bruises of his people and heals the wounds he inflicted.

An Interpretation We see that the curse on the earth and over Jerusalem is being removed by the Lord because: The rain is falling and causing good growth of the crops. The yield of the ground is rich and plenteous. The livestock are grazing in a roomy pasture. Every loft mountain and high hill has streams running with water. The wicked have been slaughtered and removed from the earth. The light of the moon is as the light of the sun, and the light of the sun is seven times brighter than normal.The fulfillment of these promises concerning the land of Israel has in preparation of Christ’s Millennial Reign already been occurring. When Israel came into the land in 1948 and was declared a nation again, the land was deserted and considered completely worthless and uninhabitable, and no one had wanted the land. Today, however the Lord has blessed the land and it produces much agriculture and fruits, and much of it has even been reforested. This is the first desert land upon the earth which has ever been refurbished, everywhere else in the world desert has always been constantly advancing.

It looks like things will be pretty nice on Earth. Except, as announced, but hidden, in Verse 26, it will be hotter on Earth than it is in Hell.

The Temperature on Earth as Given by Isaiah 30:26, the Mathematics

Our clue as to the temperature of Earth is in verse 26, The moon will shine like the sun, and the sunlight will be seven times brighter, like the light of seven full days…

Light is electromagnetic radiation. According to verse 26, the amount of radiation received by the Earth is (will be)

7 times 7 = 49 times as much radiation as that contributed by the moon.

So, the Earth will receive 1 (moon) + 49 (suns) = 50 times its current amount of radiation.

Now we’ll employ the Stefan-Boltzman Law. This law expresses, mathematically, the relationship between amount of radiation and temperature.

The Stefan-Boltzman Law states that the energy radiated by a radiator (the Earth in our case) per second per unit area is proportional to the fourth power of the body’s absolute temperature. Using

to represent the new temperature of the Earth,

to represent the original temperature of the Earth,

we get

We can solve this equation to obtain the new temperature of the Earth. We will solve for .

So, the new temperature of the Earth will be times the original temperature of the Earth. The temperature of the Earth has been established to be K.

Then,

The new temperature of Earth is, or will be, K. This Kelvin temperature translates to C and F. Geez! F is really hot.

The Temperature of Hell

We cannot get the temperature of Hell as precisely as we did the newer temperature of the Earth. But we can get an interval estimate for it. The interval comes from information contained in The Book of Revelations.

Revelations 21:8 tells us
But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second death.

Revelation 21:8 (New International Version)

The Book of Revelation

But the cowardly, the unbelieving, the vile, the murderers, the sexually immoral, those who practice magic arts, the idolaters and all liars—their place will be in the fiery lake of burning sulfur. This is the second death.”

Brimstone is another name for sulfur. According to the New World Encyclopedia, sulfur melts at 239.38 °F (388.36 K, 115.21 °C). This means that the temperature of Hell must be at least 239.38 °F. Also, the boiling point of sulfur is 832.3 °F (717.8 K, 444.6 °C). At temperatures higher than 832.3 °F, sulfur boils and turns to a gas and is no longer sulfur. This means that the maximum temperature of Hell is 832.3 °F .

Now we have that the newer temperature of Earth is F and the maximum temperature of Hell is 832.3 °F.

So there it is, expressed in the Bible — Earth will be hotter than Hell.

Since people have lived on the Earth, it has never been F. Because the current temperature of Earth is not 876 °F, we can conclude that the curse on the earth and over Jerusalem has not been removed by the Lord. Otherwise, we have a contradiction. So it must be sometime in the future that the curse on the earth and over Jerusalem will be removed by the Lord.

But even at F, Isaiah 30:25-25 states that all people will be healthy and prospering.

So now I wonder if the bodies of people suddenly change to tolerate this new, high temperature, or if they will evolve to tolerate it.

I wonder, too, about the temperature of Heaven. I think Heaven must be cooler than Hell, else people would burn there. So maybe an upper bound on the temperature of Heaven is 832.3 °F, the boiling point of brimstone.

Or, maybe Isaiah got the whole number thing wrong.

Or, maybe I got the numbers wrong. It can happen. One time in a calculus II class, I presented a very nice derivation of the the coordinates of the center of mass of a thin sheet, but then realized I got them exactly backwards. . Geez. I am glad I am not in charge of temperatures.

I found quite a few articles on the internet relating the temperatures of Heaven and Hell. All that I found conclude that Heaven is Hotter than Hell. They do so by interpreting Isaiah 30:26 as giving the amount of radiation contained in Heaven. I think that the previous lines, 23-25, tell us that the amount of radiation is the amount received on the Earth, not the amount contained in Heaven. That’s my take, anyway.

I read with great excitement on Yahoo News about the official naming of the heaviest element known to humankind. The Yahoo article, dated February 24, 2010, proclaimed that Copernicium was named after the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and is 277 times as heavy as the lightest known element, hydrogen.

I called my Polish friends from my college’s mathematics department and asked them to meet for breakfast at MiMi’s, a nice local Polish Cafe near the school, to discuss this wonderful event.

I made a short video to capture our joy. In the video,

1. Jim Vilchuck appears on the left. Jim is real smart guy who likes to talk in detail about both the coefficient of determination and the coefficient of variation. Start any discussion with him and within 5 minutes he’ll have you asking about . You can’t help yourself. Soon you will find yourself asking Jim about other coefficients. He has a remarkable talent.

2. Sven Svenkoski appears in the center of the picture. Sven, at the age of 10, while practicing some topological probability homework problems, discovered a submarine lost for 30 years some 80,000 ft down on the Atlantic Ocean floor. Sven’s discovery came just in time as the crew of 150 sailors was just about out of oxygen. When we started discussing Copernicium, Sven suggested the heaviest element was being named after Copernicus because it was Copernicus who wrote the 1969 hit song, He Ain’t Heavy, He’s my Brother. Sven has an Erdos Number of 1!

3. Craig Allenski appears on the right in the picture. Craig is one of the smartest people in the department. I remember going to him when I had questions about how to derive and when presenting the topic Center of Mass in calculus. For some reason I still don’t understand, one morning Craig beat me up in the school parking lot.

See the guys discussing Copernicium in this video clip. The guys discussing Copernicium.

We had a nice breakfast, spent about 2 hours talking about mathematics, then went our own ways.

It was raining pretty hard the morning of our breakfast and as I hurried to my car from the restaurant, I got pretty wet. I was still pretty wet when I got home some 10 minutes later. In the bathroom while blow drying my hair, I saw something that just astonished me. See Figure 1.

Figure 1 A bottle of Nutrium

Do you see this? Nutrium. An element I had never heard of. Not only had I not heard of it, but the Dove company was using it in soap! Now I am pretty good at keeping up with the Periodic Table, but somehow I had completely missed the discovery of Nutrium. But there it was with its electron configuration right there on the bottle of Dove soap. See the Periodic Table picture.

The Periodic Table

I had to know more about this element, Nutrium. So just like anybody would, I put a squirt of the soap on a glass slide and took it to my microscope lab.

My house is pretty much like most people’s house, I have the standard living room, kitchen, bedrooms, bathrooms, and hallways leading to other rooms likes laboratories and engine rooms. See Figure 2.

Figure 2 Main hallway in Denny’s house

I put the slide containing the Nutrium under the microscope to get a visual of this element. See Figure 3.

Figure 3 Soap sample

An Astonishing Discovery

Among all the other particles in the sample, I was able to detect the Nutrium atom. Figure 4 shows an individual Nutrium atom.

Figure 4 The Nutrium atom

I zoomed into one of outer electrons. Figure 5 shows the zoom magnification at 10 kabillion times the atom’s original size. Look at the astounding electron at the top of the image! Do you see it? That electron looks like a guy in a 60’s surf music rock band! What the heck, I shouted!

Figure 5 Nutrium atom with the Ellis electron characteristic

I connected the microscope to speakers so as to get an audio of the Nutrium atom.

Speakers connecting to the microscope

The Nutrium Atom – See it and Hear it Here

What a surprise! You have got to see and hear this element. Be ready to adjust the volume on your computer’s speakers.

Here it is, The sight and sound of Nutrium

Education is become the most essential part in your life. If you want to get a higher life levels in your society, you need to have higher education. Sometimes, you feel frustrated if you should pay for your school. If it is happen, it is better for you to find grants.

College is become one of the most important part for our life if we want to get deep education. There are many kinds of faculty in a college and you just need to find which will be suitable for you. Some people are not entering to a college because usually it will cost much. If it is happen, you can try to find college grants. There are many kinds of grants that you can find. You can go to Obama.net to find reliable grants for college. It will help the students to pay for their school. The cost of university is around $5,000 per year, if you are not come from wealthy background, it is not easy for you to pay for your college.

There are three organizations which award their money for college such as Federal and state governments, College and Universities, and Public Organization. You may find some information about the types and the rules about grants in this web page.

Hey, if it’s Sunday – then it must be time for Midrats!

Please join my co-host and fellow USNIBlogg’r EagleOne and me as we run the timeline from 1975 to 2020 today at 5pm EST/1700R/2200Z.

Our guests will be retired Marine Corps Lieutenant Colonel J.G. Zumwalt and journalist Greg Grant.

For our first segment, we will be discussing Lt. Col. Zumwalt’s new book, Bare Feet, Iron Will ~ Stories from the Other Side of Vietnam’s Battlefields with the author.

We will wind it up with Greg Grant looking towards the Navy’s options at the end of this decade as outlined in CNA’s new report, “The Navy at a Tipping Point: Maritime Dominance at Stake?

So, get your honey-do’s done and join us this afternoon. If you miss the show – you can always reach the archives at blogtalkradio – or set yourself to get the podcast on iTunes.

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